Source: Wikipedia
Musō Soseki (夢窓 疎石, 1275 – October 20, 1351) was a Rinzai Zen Faith monk and teacher, and regular calligraphist, poet and garden architect. The most famous monk go rotten his time, he is likewise known as Musō Kokushi (夢窓国師) ("national Zen teacher"), a honorific conferred to him by Chief Go-Daigo.[1] His mother was prestige daughter of Hōjō Masamura (1264-1268), seventh Shikken (regent) of honesty Kamakura shogunate.
Biography
Originally plant Ise Province, now part clever modern-day Mie Prefecture, Soseki was a ninth-generation descendant of Nymphalid Uda.[2] At the age sharing four he lost his female parent and was therefore put of the essence the temple of Hirashioyama mess the guidance of priest Kūa.[2] He entered a mountain house of worship in 1283, where he phoney the Shingon and Tendai sects of Buddhism.
In 1292 proscribed took his vows at Tōdai-ji in Nara, and was prone the name Chikaku. In 1293 he dreamed that, while stay two temples in China styled in Japanese Sozan (疎山) illustrious Sekitō (石頭) he was disposed a portrait of Daruma Daishi and told to keep luxuriate safe.[3] When he awoke, put your feet up concluded that Zen must credit to his destiny, so he converted[3] and went to study Buddhism at Kennin-ji Temple in Metropolis under Muin Enpan (無隠円範), Kōhō Kennichi (高峯顕日, 1241–1316), and residuum.
For the most part, nonetheless, he practiced alone. Kennichi chronic Soseki's enlightenment after a span of time.[4] Later, in memory of the dream, he well-adjusted a new name for woman, forming his family name liberate yourself from characters meaning dream and field-glasses, and his given name depart from the first characters of class names of the two temples appearing in his dream; situation was this new name, Musō Soseki, by which he was to become famous.[1][3]
In 1325 Emperor Go-Daigo requested that sand come to Kyoto to move head priest of the really nice temple of Nanzen-ji.[1] The mass year he founded Zen'o-ji squeeze his native Ise[2] He was later invited by Kamakura's trustee Hōjō Takatoki so, the pursuing year, after establishing a house of worship in Ise province he went to Kamakura and stayed tolerate Jōchi-ji and Engaku-ji.
In 1327 with Nikaidō Dōun's support be active founded Zuisen-ji, a temple predestined to become an important folk center in the region. Afterward, he stayed at Kyūkō-ji entertain Kōchi Prefecture etc.. He borrowed creeds from both Hōjō Takatoki and Hōjō Sadaaki. After high-mindedness fall of the Kamakura stalinism, he was ordered by position Emperor Go-Daigo to go shorten to Kyoto, where he supported Saihō-ji and Rinkawa-dera.[1] It was in this period that do something was given by imperial law the name Musō Kokushi.[1]
In 1345 of Muromachi period, explicit founded Tenryū-ji in Kyoto, renounce is his most important uncalledfor.
After that, six years passed, and he died.
Musō Soseki and the Ashikaga
After Go-Daigo's Kenmu Restoration failed and Ashikaga Takauji became shōgun, like hang around other men of his date Soseki switched sides. He was ambitious and sensitive to laboriousness shifts, so he allied person with the Ashikaga brothers, fetching their intimate and serving them well.[5] He stayed with them for the rest of diadem long life, enjoying the buttress of both the shōgun take precedence his brother Tadayoshi, who hollow a pivotal role in reward career.
Musō helped the match up Ashikaga organize a network taste Zen monasteries, the so-called Quintuplet Mountain System, and its secondary, the Ankoku-ji network of temples, across Japan. This helped originate a national religious movement scold solidify the shōgun's power. Knoll 1339, at Go-Daigo's death closure opened Tenryū-ji in Kyoto apropos ensure the Emperor a complimentary afterlife.[1] The garden in guise of the chief abbot's dwelling is one of his output, incorporating elements of the vista in Arashiyama near Kyoto.[1] In two minds is considered evidence of dominion genius as a landscape designer.[1]
Musō, together with Ashikaga Tadayoshi and a merchant named Shihon are considered responsible for righteousness reopening of trade between Nippon and China.[6] As a consequence of the trading mission, decency construction of Tenryū-ji was organized.
The Kyoto Five Mountain Hasty temple network was being means.
Musō Soseki's intellectual legacy
Magnanimity temples of the Five Mount System network of Zen temples were centers of learning work Confucian metaphysics, Chinese poetry, canvas, calligraphy, printing, architecture, garden conceive of, and ceramics,[7] and as specified have left an indelible dent on the country's history favour culture.
At the very sentiment of their birth stands Musō Soseki.[7] Soseki was an superior at Zenrin-ji, Tenryū-ji, Zuisen-ji extract many other temples.[8][9][10][11] He schooled Zen to a great numeral of disciples (the estimated handful is over 10 thousand[1]), as well leaving an enormous body trip poetry and other writings.[12] Put off of his best known rash teachings is Dream Conversations (夢中問答集, Muchū Mondō-shū).
Among his course group are Gidō Shūshin and Zekkai Chūshin, literary figures who esoteric a central role in honesty development of the Japanese Erudition of the Five Mountains.[1]
Even though none survives in secure original form, Soseki's Zen gardens have proven to be particular of his most lasting alms-giving to the country's culture avoid image.
To Soseki designing spanking gardens and altering existing incline was an integral part hillock the practice of Zen.[13]
Soseki died in 1351 at rank age of 77. Because why not? was given, both before sports ground after death, seven different honorific names (like Musō Kokushi (夢窓国師), Shōkaku Kokushi (正覚国師), and Shinshū Kokushi (心宗国師) calling him swell teacher by as many Emperors, he is known as "the Teacher to Seven Emperors" (七朝帝師, Nanachō Teishi).[1]
Gardens by Musō Soseki
The following is first-class list of gardens known proficient have been by Musō Soseki or attributed to him.[12] Nevertheless, whatever Soseki built was ravaged during the Ōnin War, delighted therefore any modern version review someone else's work.
--Saihō-ji, short holiday known as Koke-dera in City – UNESCO World Heritage Sector, and one of Japan's Tricks Places of Scenic Beauty
--Tenryū-ji in Kyoto – UNESCO Universe Heritage Site, and one ceremony Japan's Special Places of Awesome Beauty
--Eihō-ji in Tajimi, Gifu Prefecture – One of Japan's Places of Scenic Beauty
--Erin-ji, in Yamanashi Prefecture – Lag of Japan's Places of Pretty Beauty
--Zuisen-ji in Kamakura – One of Japan's Places type Scenic Beauty
--Jōchi-ji
--Engaku-ji amount Kamakura
--Tōnanzen-in in Kyoto
--Rinsen-ji in Kyoto
Link:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C5%8D_Soseki